BE
A PUBLIC SPEAKER
By: Ninin Yasiro, S. Pd. I
The State Institute for Islamic
Studies STS Jambi
Educational English Department
Tarbiyah Faculty
2012
INTRODUCTION
Public
speaking or speak in front of public is not hard to do. Public speaking is not
a natural skill because it needs learn and practice. More practices will help
you to develop your skill. If you want to be a good public speaker don’t give
up speaking in front of your class in every chance.
Public
speaking is not a new trend. In fact, people have been speaking in public since
human first developed the ability to talk. Now, public speaking is one of the
skills that have to mastering by the job seekers.
Public
speaking is very important for us. As I told you before, public speaking is a
skill that everyone needs to learn and practice. Many reasons caused my
statement before, I will tell you the three reasons of them, and they are:
1. Almost every one of us will be involved in public
speaking in some form at some point in our lives, so we need to be prepared to
do a good job when that time comes.
2. Employers consistently rank public speaking and
related communication skills as one of the top skills they look for in
employees.
3. Being an effective public speaker gives you the tools
to make a difference in your business, in your community, even in the world.
Those reasons are true dudes! Open your mind and start
to practice your skills right now!!
Knowledge is a treasure, but practice is the key.[i]
SPEECH
Before
you start working on your talk or presentation, it’s vital that you really
understand what you want to say, who you want to tell, and why they might want
to hear it. The simple 5w+1h questions will help you to understand what you
want to achieve.
1. Who are you speaking to? ** What are their interests,
presuppositions, and values? What do they share in common with others; how are
they unique?
2. What do you
wish to communicate? ** One way of answering this question is to ask your self
about “the success criteria”. How do you know if and when you have successfully
communicated what you have in mind?
3. How can you best convey your message? Language is
important here. Choose your words and nonverbal cues with your audience in
mind. Plan a beginning, middle, and end.
4. When? Timing is important here. Develop a sense of
timing, so your contributions are seen and heard as relevant to the matter at
hand. There is a time to speak and a time to be silent. ** It’s better to be
silent than sing a bad tune.
5. Where? What is the physical context of the
communication in mind? You may have time to visit the room and check for
availability and visibility if you are using audio or visual aids.
6. Why? In order to convert hearers into listeners, you
have to know why they should listen to you- and tell them if necessary. What
disposes them to listen? That implies you know your self, why you are seeking
for communicate- the value or worth or interest of what you are going to say.
All items
above can help you to make a good preparation. Your preparations include
communications, mindful of the entire communication process. Of course, not all
communication can be scheduled. In this case preparation may mean enabling you
to communicate with the knowledge you need to be effective.
When it
comes to wording your message, less is more. You are giving your audience
headlines. They don’t need to become experts on the subject as a result of
hearing you talk. So, keep it simple J
Your
delivery of your speech or presentation will make or break it; no matter how
well you have prepared and crafted your clear, concise message. Some useful
tips for keeping your presentation vivid include:
Use example to bring your points
to life
Keep your body language
up- beat.
Don’t talk to fast
Use a variety of tones of
voice
Use audio visual aids
Five speech starting Dos
1. Use physical activity to get audience’s attention
2. Make a startling statement or present a startling
statistic
3. Tell a theme related joke
4. Provide an apt quotation
5. Relate a relevant story
Five speech starting don’ts
1. Begin with “Hi my name is”
2. Make a false start
3. Use a rhetorical question
4. Go overboard
5. Fail to consider how you will get the podium
Common ways to remembering materials
There are many ways one can remember material and I
would like to focus on the most common ways to remember material before speech.
1. Memorizing.
The old way in remembering
the speech material is memorizing it. Many people try to remember the words to
say but not to the ideas behind the words. Sometime your speech becomes
abnormal when you forget several words in your speech. The worst situation can
be the unforgettable memory for you and the audiences.
2. Reading from complete text
Listening to someone read
a speech or presentation is hated by most people. When the speaker read the
whole text, he looked like the poor person. Many speakers read because they are
afraid to try anything else. The speaker also loses normal voice inflection because
they lose touch with the ideas behind the words.
The speech is not static
because there is little movement and little energy, because the speaker looks
at the script only. When the speaker read the complete text there is no or
little eye contact with the audiences. Any eye contact is with the text.
Reading from complete text
is need when speeches must be read. As an example it is necessary to read the
policy statements. When you have to read the complete text in speech, you must
pay your attention to the following points:
ü Pay attention to the inflection in your voice; to
sound natural, rehearse often, and checking yourself to pauses.
ü When you preparing your written speech, say the words
“out loud” first in order that your written text will read closer to your
speaking style.
ü Don’t forget to use gestures. We need practice to use
annotated text of our speech so we can easily and smoothly react to these cues
for our gestures while at the same time correctly read the text. This does take
some practice. Some people do this very effectively.
ü When we read speeches, the amount aye contact with our
audience is usually less. To avoid this, first write like you speak. Than, when
typing the text upper and lower case letters. Don’t have long paragraph because
you will lose your place every time you look up. Use unstapled pages for your
text. Papers clip your pages and just before you begin, remove the paper clip.
During your pauses, smoothly slide the page you just finished using to one side
and continue with the text on the next page.
3. Using notes
Using note is better than
reading because the speaker can have normal voice inflection and make more
effective eye contact.
ü Use note cards; include quotes, statistics, and lists
you may need.
ü Put only few words or key phrases.
ü Leave your notes on the table and move away
occasionally
ü Practice using your note cards. If you use your cards
too much, it is mean that you must reduce the amount of your written text.
ü Use pictures or picture maps to guide your self.
Pictures help you to visualize the key points of your speech
4. Using visual aids as notes
Practice creating just few
meaningful headings to use and practice using only these headings as your cues.
This will take practice, but practicing using only these few words will force
you to better internalize your speech.
The advantages of using
visual aids as notes are:
ü You don’t have to worry about what you are going to
say next.
ü Having only a few words on your visual aids allows you
to move around the room without the need or feeling you need to go back to your
notes.
ü You can have a good eye contact with your audience
ü Your audience will feel comfortable that you are on
your planned track
ü Visual aids do not have to be only word charts but
also diagrams, pictures, or graphs.
Body’s image in speech
The accurate perception of your body’s image will help
you to build your image. Your body’s image includes;
Ø Posture
Ø Gestures
Ø Body movement
Ø Facial expressions
Ø Eye contact
MASTER OF CEREMONY
Master of
ceremony (MC) is the leader, the organizer, the guider, and the owner of a
program. MC is the host for the event or the show. MC is part of the protocol
activity. The protocol is the system of event especially for the formal
ceremony in political field.
How to be
a good MC? This is a common question from the beginner in public speaking.
Generally MC must have a good looking and a beautiful voice. If you have both
you can try your luck in this job. Other additional criteria of MC are; MC must
be polite, friendly, enthusiast, and glowing. A good MC can motivate the
audience to have spirit, for example asking for applause.
MC has a microphone voice, it is natural, clear,
powerful, has a good intonation, articulation, and accentuation. The principles
for MC in speak are; B-C-A-E formula. Brief means straight to the point. Clear means
the words speech clearly. Audible means can be hearing very well. Ease means fluent
in conveying the lists of agenda.
MC can throw
several jokes to the audience along the program because MC has to entertain the
audience when the audience looks bored. MC
must handle the program, to make it run well and on time. Good organization of
the program and the coordination among the committee will help MC to do his
work better.
MC introduces all of the speakers or the guest star in
the program. Thus, MC has to be closer and know the speakers personally. MC is
the first man in the program, it makes MC must introduces himself to the
audience first. ** introduce yourself,
even if you think everyone should know who you are.[ii]
Many preparations before you go forward and speak as
the MC
ü Be relax
ü Know the room
ü Know the audience
ü Know the material
ü Arrange the pointer
ü Don’t say “sorry” too much
ü Don’t missed the rundown of program
ü Wear the suit and comfort costume
ü Make up your face
ü Do gestures naturally
ü Keep your mouth and throat wet
ü Be confident and be your self
The technique of vocal
ü Intonation
ü Accentuation
ü Speed
ü Articulation
ü Inflection
The technique of performances and gestures
ü Eye contact
ü The natural and normal gestures
ü Body movement
ü Create your smiling voice
ü Don’t laugh too much when you throw jokes
ü Make pauses after jokes, it allows your audience to
laugh
CLOSING
After you know the points of the materials above, you
can start to practice more and more. I hope that my general explanation about
public speaking can be useful for us in developing our skills in public
speaking. Amen.
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